Lewis c



(No Model.)

L. O. PARKER; APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFAOTURE 0F GAS. No. 480,211.Patented Aug. 2, 1892;

ATENT OFFICE.

LEIVIS C. PARKER, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 480,211, dated August2, 1892.

Application filed April 4, 1892. Serial No. 427,708. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LEWIS G. PARKER, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at Indianapolis, in the county of Marion and State ofIndiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatusfor the Manufacture of Gas, of which the following is a specification,reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention has for its objects to make an illuminating and heating gasfrom crude petroleum, or liquid hydrocarbons, air, and steam.

I-Ieretofore the oil has been injected into the highly-heatedfixing-furnace in the form of a spray, the lighter and heavy partstogether, thereby entailing aheavy loss in not only not converting thetar or asphaltum portions into gas, but resulting in its loss, forminglampblack and impairing the efficiency of the converter and lowering thequality of the gas produced. By my method of operation all of thehydrocarbons susceptible of forming into a perfect gaseous state iscarbureted out by passing air through the petroleum while in a boilingcondition, leaving the tar or asphaltu m to be drawn off and savedwithout loss. It will also be observed that my generator or apparatus isalternative in operationi. 6., the converter checker brick-work orfixing medium is rendered hot enough to decompose and fix the passinggases, permitting the using of the gases in that state, the making ofthe gas then being stopped and the checker brick-work reheated.

To these ends the invention consists in the combination and arrangementof parts, including their construction, substantially as hereinaftermore fully disclosed, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figurel is an end sectional elevation ofmy invention, showingthe interior of the converter and front ofgenerator-furnace, so as to disclose the position of the vaporizer andcarburetor and boiler and the passage for the heat between saidvaporizer and carburetor and boiler. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof,showing the vaporizer and carburetor and air-pump. Fig. 3 is a plan Viewof the same; and Fig. etisabroken, partly sectional and side view of theinvention, showing the passage of heat from the fire under the boilerand the heat from the converter and pipe E, delivering it under thevaporizer and carburetor.

In my invention one of the objects is to utilize waste heat from thesteam-boiler and from the vaporizer and carburetor, to maintain thepetroleum in the latter at proper temperatures, so as to carburet air inits passage up through the crude oil freely.

In the embodiment of my invention I employ a converter G, consisting ofa shell or cylinder lined with fire-brick and having acombustion-chamber g at the base and an opening g at the top, covered bya hinged or lifting cover g The space above the combustion-chamber isfilled with the usual checker fire-brick work G. The combustion-chamberg has a door g held in place by a handwheel screw g working in a support9 held outward from the converter G by rods 9 passing through saidsupport and suitably secured or screwed to the front of the converter;also leading from the shell G is a pipe 9 for the outlet of the gas, andwith the combustionchamber g connects apipe (1,, leading from thevaporizer and carburetor A, for supplying said combustion chamber withmechanical gas; also communicating with said combustionchamber is a pipe0, having an ordinary atomizer or oil burner ll for highly heating theconverter.

D is an ordinary air-pump driven by steam from the boiler B, said steampassing through pipe I) to said pump; also, from pipe 1) extends abranch pipe 1), leading steam to the burner-pipe c, which latter is alsoconnected by a branch pipe 5 with the air-pipe d for the admission ofair to pipe 0, when desired. Pipe 0 admits oil to the pipe 0 forgenerating heat at the burner H in the combustion-chamher 9 of theconverter G. From the pump D air is forced into the vaporizer andcarburetor A through the pipe d.

In the vaporizer and carburetor, for rapidly carbureting air withpetroleum or a heavy hydrocarbon crude oil, I arrange, similarly to thetubes of a steam-boiler, sheet-metal plates 1 2 3, riveted at theirlongitudinal edges, and at alternately-opposite ends to the sides andends of the shell, the free or other ends of said plates being spacedoff from the respective end of said sheet. Sheet or plate 1 is located afew inches from the bottom of vaporizer and carburetor, with its rivetedor secured end directly above the point of connection of pipe (1 withsaid vaporizer and carbu retor.

3y reason of the above arrangement of the sheets or plates 1 2 3 the airis caused to pass through the petroleum from end to end of the vaporizerand carburetor, as shown by the arrows. The end L of vaporizer andcarburetor is preferably removable. It will be noticed that in thisvaporizer andcarburetor the air to be carbureted is forced in at thebottom through pipe (Z and under a pressure while the crude petroleum isin a boiling state, as crude oil cannot be made to carburet air if notvery hot.

The vaporizer and carburetor A has an outlet-pipe a for gas and aninlet-pipe a for oil, in addition to the inlet-pipe (Z for air and anoutlet-pipe (Z to draw or let off the tar or as phalt.

It will be observed that the hood g secured to top of converter,prevents the products of combustion from escaping during the time thelid 9* is raised while blowing up or getting up the heat in theconverter, the lid or cover g being raised by the wire rope g andlowered, as desired.

The boiler B is of the ordinary tubular type, set within the brick-workwith fire-box for burning petroleum or coal, as desired, and thegenerator A is located above the boiler, leaving a space between them,soas to permit the products of combustion, after passing forward throughthe tubes of the boiler, to pass along the bottom sides of the generatorand out the flue I.

The apparatus is operated for producing illuminating or heating gas asfollows: Having tilled the vaporizer and carburetor A with crudepetroleum up to the top of the upper sheet or plate 3 and raised steamin the boiler B, the valves 0 are opened, so as to allow steam, oil, andair to pass in proper proportions into the combustion-chamber of theconverter and the lid or cover raised, and the vaporized hydrocarbons insaid chamber are now ignited, the action of which soon heats thebrickwork in the generator to a high degree. The products of combustionafterleaving the converter pass out through the pipe E and under thevaporizer and carburetor A, and thus assist to heat the petroleum insaid generator. As soon as the converterbrickwork, commonly known aschecker-work, is properly heated, the burner H is shut 01f, and the lid9 is closed and the air-pump started when air is forced into thevaporizer and carburetor through the pipe (Z. The air passing upconverter, enters the latter at a. At the same time a small amount ofsteam being allowed to enter the combustion-chamber g at the burner II,the mechanical gas from the vaporizer and carburetor Aand the steam aresubjected to a heat sufficient to produce decomposition and form achemical combination or fixed gas, which is allowed to pass out of thepipe 9 to the washer and holder.

As disclosed in Fig. 1, the relight-ing of the gas at the burner in theconverter maybe effected by a supplemental jet from the valvedpipe-opening close thereto.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, 1s

1. In a gas apparatus, the combination of the converter having over itsupper open end a hood and also a hinged valve or cover, the vaporizerand carburetor having air and oil inlet pipes and gas and residuumoutlet pipes, the pipe leading from the vaporizer and carbu retor andconnecting with the converter near its lower end, the chamber below andpartially encompassing said vaporizer and carburetor, and the pipeconnecting with sald hood and forming an outlet of said converter forthe gaseous products of combustion thereof and delivering said productsof combustion into said chamber, substantially as set forth.

2. In a gas apparatus, the combination of the converter having over itsupper open end a hood and also a hinged valve or cover having connectedthereto a line passing out through said hood within convenient reach formanipulation, the vaporizer and carburetor having air and oil inletpipes and gas and residuum outlet pipes, the pipe leading from thevaporizer and carburetor and con neetin g with the converter near itslower end, the chamber below and partially encompassing said vaporizerand carburetor, and the pipe connecting with said hood and forming anoutlet of said converter for the gaseous products of combustion thereofand delivering said products of combustion into said chamber,substantially as specified.

3. The gas apparatus or plant comprising the converter having a hingedcover or valve and a hood with gas-outlets at its upper end, and meansfor operating said cover or valve, the oil vaporizer and carburetorhaving a series of internal plates spaced off from the ends thereof attheir alternately opposite ends and having oil and air inlet,gas-outlet, and residuum-discharge pipes, a pipe connecting the hoodabove the cover of the converterwith a chamber below said vaporizer andcarburetor, the air-inlet pipe of said vaporizer and carburetorconnecting with an airpnmp or air source of supply, an oil or petroleumsupply pipe connecting with the oil-inlet pipe of the vaporizer andcarburetor and connecting with a burner-pipe leading to thecombustionchamber of the converter, and

air and steam branch pipes connecting with In testimony whereof I affixmy signature in said burner-pipe and with the air-inlet pipe presence oftwo Witnesses. of the vaporizer and carburetor and asteam- 1 pipe of aboiler, respectively, the gas-outlet LEWIS PARKER 5 pipe of thevaporizer and carburetor con- Witnesses:

necting also with the combustion-chamber of A. M. THOMAS,

the converter, substantially as specified. M. E. WILSON.

